There are two types of the genes involved the cancers ,the tumor suppressor genes and the oncogenes ,the first type it prevents the cancers to be formed it suppresses the tumor by preventing the cancerous cell to divide this genes are controlling the cell divisions but when it subjects to mutations it will be reversible it will cause the cancer , the defected tumor suppressor genes will play role like the cancerous gene, the second type is the tumrigene which is divided to oncogenes and proto-oncogenes .
The oncogenes are the cancerous gene which is found originally in the cell , it plays role to defect the DNA to transform the cell to be cancerous cell , the proto-oncogenes it is formed by the viral infection it plays the same role of the oncogenes ,the corresponding between the oncogenes and the proto oncogenes will be necessary to activate the cancerous cell, I will show in this blog some of the tumor suppressor genes and the oncogenes in the human cells and their locations on the human chromosomes , the tumor suppressor genes
1-gene p53
Located on the short arm of human chromosome 17 in the section of 13 which is written as 17p13 it is the more important genes in the human genes it is called the human genome guard the defected copy of this gene will cause 50 types of the cancers one of them is the coli cancer it does its function by producing p53 protein which consists 393 amino acids
2-gene p73
It is located on the short arm of the chromosome 1 in section 36 1p36 it is similar to p53 and it depends on the p53 gene but when it be defected it will cause the tumor in the brain and when it be defected it may will defect p53 gene it does its function by producing p73 protein
3- gene p63
It is located on the long arm of the of chromosome 3 in the section of 27 which is written as 3q27 it is related split hand split foot syndrome it does its function by producing p63 proteins
4-gene RB
It is one of the tumor suppressor gene which play role in the cell division it is located on the long arm of the 13 chromosome in the section of 14 13q14 it produces RB protein which it is size 110 kilo Dalton
5-gene p21
It is tumor suppressor gene it play role by its protein it is located on chromosome 6 it play role to regulate the cell division it is related p53 gene
6-gene mdm2
It is tumor suppressor gene it play role to regulate the cell divisions the defected copy causes many cancers it is related in p53 p63 p73 genes its protein mdm2 important for the tumor suppressions it is located on human chromosome 12 in the long arm in the section 14 12q14
7- gene rbl1(p107)
It is located on the long arm of chromosome 20 in the section of11 20q11 it produces the p107 protein which bind RB protein like the envelop
8-gene rbl2(p130)
It is located on the long arm of 16 in the section of 12 16q12 its function like p107 function
9- gene WT1
It is one of the important tumor suppressor gene but it is less active the gene p53 it is located on the short arm of chromosome 11 in the section 13 11p13
10-gene WT2
It is located on the short arm of chromosome 11 in section 15 11p15 it is similar to WT1
11-gene NF1
It is tumor suppressor gene it is active in the central nervous fibroblast it is located on the long arm of chromosome 17 in section 17q11 it produces nf1 protein
12- gene NF2
It is located on the long arm of chromosome 22 in the section 12 22q12 it has the same function of NF1
13-gene sel1l
It is active in pancreas and spleen it is tumor suppressor gene it is located on the long arm of human chromosome 14 in section 13 14q13
14-gene fat
It is tumor suppressor gene it is active in the breast it is located on the long arm of chromosome 4 in section34 4q34
15-gene orctl3
It is Active in the kidney tissue it is located on the short arm of chromosome 3 in section of 22 3p22
16-liver tumor suppressor gene
It is active in the liver it is located on chromosome 11
17-FHIT
It is tumor suppressor gene it is located on the short arm of human chromosome3 in section 14 3p14
18-gene face1
It is tumor suppressor gene located on short arm of chromosome 1 in the section of 34 1p34
19-gene face2
It is similar to face 1 it is located on the long arm of human chromosome 11in section of 13 11q13
20-geneTUSL3
It is active on the prostate it is located on chromosome 8
21-gene wwox
It is tumor suppressor gene located on the long arm of human chromosome16 in section of 23 16q23
22-gene p34
It is active in the lung tissue it is located on the long arm of chromosome 6 in section of 25 6q25
23- gene p16
It is active in pancreas it is located on the short arm of chromosome 9 in section21 9p21
24-gene VHL
It is one of tumor suppressor gene it is located on the short arm of chromosome 3 in section 25 3p25
25-gene APC
It is tumor suppressor gene it is located on the long arm of chromosome 5 in section 31 5q31
26-gene myo18
It is active in the lung it is located on the long arm of chromosome 22in section 12 22q12
27-gene FR3b
It is active in the lung it is located on the long chromosome 3 in section 14 3p14
28-gene ST18
It is breast cancer tumor suppressor gene it is located on the long arm of chromosome 8 in section 11 8q11
30- gilail tumor suppressor
It is active in gilail cells in nervous system it is located on the long arm of chromosome 19
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